Use of CentriMag for refractory cardiogenic shock in a puerperal woman: case report

ABSTRACT CONTEXT: Heart failure in Brazil is a major public health problem and, even with advances in treatment, it still presents high morbidity and mortality. As a treatment option, mechanical circulatory assist devices (MCADs) have greatly increased in importance over the last decade. CASE REPORT: This report concerns a case of refractory cardiogenic shock due to acute myocarditis in a 35-year-old puerperal female patient who presented with retrosternal pain, fatigue and dyspnea. At the hospital, she was diagnosed with myocarditis. There was no improvement in perfusion even after receiving dobutamine, intra-aortic balloon passage (IAB) and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). Therefore, it was decided to implant a MCAD (CentriMag). During hospitalization, recovery from the bi-ventricular dysfunction was achieved. The CentriMag device was removed 10 days after it had been implanted, and the patient was discharged after another 8 days. The myocarditis was proven to be due to the Coxsackie virus. CONCLUSIONS: The decision to implant a MCAD should be individualized, as patient profiles do not always match the indications in the guidelines and protocols. In this study, clinical discussion of the case among the medical and multi-professional teams was essential in order to be able to successfully reverse the patient's severe clinical condition without sequelae, through using a CentriMag implant.

Evolution of the surgical treatment of lung cancer at a tertiary referral center in Brazil, 2011-2018 / Evolução do tratamento cirúrgico do câncer de pulmão em uma instituição terciária de referência no Brasil, 2011-2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the evolution of clinical and epidemiological data, as well as data related to diagnosis, staging, treatment, and survival, among patients undergoing curative surgery for lung cancer at a tertiary referral center in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This was a retrospective study of cases in the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer database. We selected only cases of patients undergoing curative surgery between January of 2011 and April of 2018. We determined overall and disease-free survival at 36 months and compared the data between two periods (2011-2014 and 2015-2018). Results: Comparing the two periods (N = 437 cases), we observed trends toward increases in the number of female patients, as well as in the proportions of former smokers (44.09% vs. 53.59%), of patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (52.21% vs. 59.72%), and of patients diagnosed at an earlier pathological stage, together with a decrease in 30-day mortality (4.05% vs. 2.39%). There were significant increases in the proportions of cases diagnosed at an earlier clinical stage (p = 0.002) or incidentally (p = 0.003). Although lobectomy was the main surgical technique employed, there was a proportional increase in segmentectomies (2.67% vs. 7.11%; p = 0.026). Overall and disease-free survival rates were 79.4% (95% CI: 74.0-83.9%) and 75.1% (95% CI: 69.1-80.1%), respectively. The difference in overall survival between the periods lost statistical significance when adjusted for pathological stage, the only factor that affected survival (log-rank: p = 0.038 to p = 0.079). Conclusions: The clinical and epidemiological evolution presented in this study corroborates global trends. The decrease in 30-day mortality was probably due to better patient selection and improved surgical techniques.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a evolução de dados clínicos e epidemiológicos, assim como dados sobre diagnóstico, estadiamento, tratamento e sobrevida em pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico curativo de câncer de pulmão em uma instituição terciária na cidade de São Paulo (SP). Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo baseado nos casos inseridos no banco de dados da International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer submetidos à cirurgia curativa entre janeiro de 2011 e abril de 2018. Determinamos a sobrevida global e livre de doença em 36 meses e comparamos os dados em dois períodos (2011-2014 e 2015-2018). Resultados: Comparando-se os dois períodos (N = 437 casos), houve uma tendência de aumento no número de pacientes do sexo feminino, ex-tabagistas (44,09% vs. 53,59%), com diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma (52,21% vs. 59,72%) e em estádio patológico mais precoce, assim como queda da mortalidade em 30 dias (4,05% vs. 2,39%). Houve aumento significativo de casos em estádio clínico mais precoce (p = 0,002) e diagnosticados incidentalmente (p = 0,003). A lobectomia foi a principal técnica cirúrgica; entretanto, houve aumento de segmentectomias (2,67% vs. 7,11%; p = 0,026). As sobrevidas global e livre de doença foram de 79,4% (IC95%: 74,0-83,9%) e 75,1% (IC95%: 69,1-80,1%), respectivamente. Houve perda de significância estatística na sobrevida global entre os períodos quando ajustada por estadiamento patológico, o único fator a impactar a sobrevida (log-rank: p = 0,038 para p = 0,079). Conclusões: A evolução clínica e epidemiológica apresentada neste estudo corrobora tendências mundiais. A diminuição da mortalidade em 30 dias provavelmente ocorreu devido a melhor seleção de pacientes e melhora da técnica cirúrgica.